There's something beautifully poetic about being rejected by a company and then becoming wealthier than the entire corporation. That's the story of Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba Group (BABA), who once couldn't get hired at Kentucky Fried Chicken but now sits on a fortune that eclipses the market value of Yum! Brands (YUM), KFC's parent company.
The Resume That Nobody Wanted
Born in 1964 in Hangzhou, China, Ma's early life reads like a masterclass in rejection. After finishing college, he applied to roughly 30 jobs in his hometown. The result? Thirty rejections.
The KFC story is particularly brutal. During a 2017 speech at the University of Nairobi, Ma recalled that when he applied, there were 24 applicants total. The company hired 23 people. He was the one left out.
When he tried to become a police officer, four out of five applicants were accepted. Guess who wasn't? Even a hotel job went to his cousin, despite Ma having better scores. Harvard rejected him ten times.
But here's where it gets interesting. Instead of viewing these rejections as personal failures, Ma reframed them as training. "If you can not get used to failure—just like a boxer—if you can't get used to [being] hit, how can you win?" he explained.
School Wasn't Much Better
Ma's academic record wasn't exactly stellar either. He nearly failed to gain admission to middle school and repeatedly bombed key exams throughout his education. He failed a primary school test twice, the middle school entrance exam three times, and the college entrance exam twice.
His college entrance exam performance was especially rough. He scored in the bottom 1%, despite having plenty of time to prepare. Mathematics remains challenging for him to this day, which is somewhat ironic for someone who co-founded a major tech company.
"I flunked my exam for university two times before I was accepted by what was considered my city's worst university, Hangzhou Teachers University," Ma previously said.
An Accidental Discovery Changes Everything
Ma's English skills, self-taught through giving guided tours and listening to Voice of America broadcasts, eventually landed him a part-time interpreter job in 1995. During a work trip to Seattle, he encountered the internet for the first time and created his first web page. The immediate responses from businesses sparked something in him.
Back in China, he founded China Pages, helping small companies build websites. He later took a government job where he met Yahoo co-founder Jerry Yang, a connection that would prove crucial.
Alibaba's Rocky Birth
In 1999, Ma launched Alibaba.com with $60,000 pooled from 18 co-founders. The vision was ambitious: create a platform connecting Chinese manufacturers with global buyers. Alibaba later expanded into Taobao for consumer retail and Alipay for online payments, eventually dominating China's e-commerce market.
A pivotal partnership with Yahoo involved selling a 40% stake for $1 billion. When regulatory issues arose, Ma spun off Alipay. After tense negotiations, he paid Yahoo $7.1 billion to buy back its 20% stake, securing Alibaba's independence.
But the early years were brutal. Alibaba didn't turn a profit for its first three years. Early overexpansion nearly destroyed the company when the dot-com bubble burst. At one point, they were just 18 months from bankruptcy.
Ma later called the company "1,001 mistakes."
Richer Than the Company That Rejected Him
Alibaba went public in 2014 in what was then the largest IPO in history. Ma stepped down as CEO in 2013 and chairman in 2019, transitioning to focus on philanthropy and education.
Today, Ma's net worth stands at $44.5 billion, according to the Bloomberg Billionaire Index. Yum! Brands has a market value of $42.28 billion. Let that sink in: the man KFC wouldn't hire is now personally worth more than the entire company that owns KFC, plus Taco Bell and Pizza Hut.
It's a remarkable vindication of persistence over credentials, resilience over rejection.
The Philosophy of Never Giving Up
Ma has spoken extensively about his philosophy on failure and persistence. His perspective isn't about toxic positivity or ignoring setbacks. It's about expecting rejection as part of the process.
"I never give up. I think there is one thing I learned. Why should you have a chance to be successful? Everybody should get used to failing, but not being accepted by other people. Why should other people help you? You should earn the right to be helped. So, the thing I learned is that you shouldn't give up," he said.
The boxer metaphor keeps coming back. Success isn't about avoiding punches. It's about learning to take them and keep moving forward.
Ma's story is extreme, but the lesson is universal. Early rejection doesn't predict long-term outcomes. Sometimes the person who gets passed over for 30 jobs ends up building something more valuable than all those companies combined. And sometimes, the fast-food chain that said no ends up worth less than the person they rejected.
That's not just a good story. It's a $44.5 billion lesson in resilience.