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Alibaba Built Its Cloud Empire to Escape a Profits Nightmare, Says Joe Tsai

MarketDash Editorial Team
7 days ago
Alibaba Chairman Joe Tsai revealed the company's cloud business wasn't born from strategic vision—it was pure survival. Sixteen years ago, dependence on U.S. tech vendors threatened to drain all their e-commerce profits, forcing them to build their own infrastructure.

Sometimes the best business decisions are the ones you make when your back is against the wall. Alibaba Group Holdings (BABA) Chairman Joe Tsai just revealed that one of the company's most successful divisions—its cloud business—wasn't the product of brilliant strategic planning. It was born from something more urgent: financial survival.

When Your Vendors Become Your Biggest Threat

Speaking last week to nearly 1,000 attendees at The University of Hong Kong's Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture, Tsai walked through a problem that sounds almost quaint now but was existential 16 years ago. Alibaba's e-commerce platform was exploding, handling massive transaction volumes, and the company was running all of it on technology from American vendors.

Here's the thing about vendor lock-in: it starts small and friendly, then gradually becomes a profit-eating monster. Tsai described the scenario during his conversation with HKU Associate Vice President Heiwai Tang, explaining that Alibaba was relying heavily on servers from Dell Technologies (DELL) and IBM (IBM), plus databases from Oracle (ORCL).

"We were handling massive amounts of transactions," Tsai said. The warning signs were clear: "If we continue to use that, we will later on hand over all of our profits to these technology vendors."

So they made a call that would reshape the company's future. "We developed cloud computing really out of necessity, out of the need to become self-reliant in technology," Tsai stated.

From Internal Tool to Business Powerhouse

The initial move was defensive—build your own infrastructure so you're not bleeding money to outside vendors. But Alibaba did what smart companies do: they ate their own dog food first. Tsai used exactly that phrase, explaining that the company deployed the technology internally before realizing they'd built something valuable.

"Later on, we decided, why don't we this technology is so good, why don't we open it up to third-party customers and that's how we went into the cloud business," he explained.

That pivot from internal necessity to external product turned out to be worth billions. What started as a defensive maneuver to protect margins became one of the largest cloud providers in Asia.

The Numbers Tell the Growth Story

Earlier this month, Alibaba reported quarterly revenue of $34.81 billion, beating analyst expectations of $34.43 billion with a 5% year-over-year increase. Strip out the divested Sun Art and Intime retail units, and that growth rate jumps to 15%.

But the real star was the Cloud Intelligence Group, which posted a 34% revenue surge to $5.59 billion. The drivers? Strong demand for public cloud services and rapidly growing adoption of Alibaba's AI products.

The AI angle is particularly notable. Alibaba Cloud has pushed hard into open-source AI, and the results show: as of October 31, 2025, there were over 180,000 Qwen model derivatives on Hugging Face—more than double the next-largest contributor.

According to Omdia's "AI Cloud Market: China – 1H25" report, Alibaba Cloud sits at the top of China's AI cloud market with a commanding 35.8% share.

How Alibaba Stacks Up Against the Giants

Of course, Alibaba Cloud isn't operating in a vacuum. The global cloud infrastructure market is dominated by American players who've also posted impressive numbers.

Amazon.com Inc. (AMZN) reported third-quarter net sales of $180.2 billion, up 13% from last year. AWS, its cloud division, generated $33.0 billion in revenue with 20% year-over-year growth.

Over at Alphabet Inc. (GOOG) (GOOGL), the Google parent company posted third-quarter revenue of $102.35 billion, exceeding analyst expectations of $99.64 billion. Google Cloud brought in $15.16 billion, compared to $11.35 billion a year earlier.

So while Alibaba Cloud dominates in China and across Asia, it's still playing a different game than AWS and Google Cloud on the global stage—at least in terms of absolute revenue scale.

What the Market Thinks Now

The irony of Tsai's story is hard to miss. Alibaba built its cloud business because it didn't want to hand all its profits to American technology vendors. Now it's competing directly against those same vendors' cloud divisions, which have become some of the most profitable businesses in tech.

According to MarketDash's Edge Stock Rankings, Alibaba's short-term price momentum has cooled off somewhat, though the company's medium and long-term growth prospects remain solid. That makes sense given the cloud division's strong performance and the company's dominant position in the Chinese AI cloud market.

What started as a defensive necessity—avoiding a future where Oracle, IBM, and Dell ate Alibaba's lunch—turned into an offensive weapon. Sometimes the best innovations come not from blue-sky thinking, but from staring at your P&L and realizing you need to solve a problem before it destroys your business.

Back to News

Alibaba Built Its Cloud Empire to Escape a Profits Nightmare, Says Joe Tsai

MarketDash Editorial Team
7 days ago
Alibaba Chairman Joe Tsai revealed the company's cloud business wasn't born from strategic vision—it was pure survival. Sixteen years ago, dependence on U.S. tech vendors threatened to drain all their e-commerce profits, forcing them to build their own infrastructure.

Sometimes the best business decisions are the ones you make when your back is against the wall. Alibaba Group Holdings (BABA) Chairman Joe Tsai just revealed that one of the company's most successful divisions—its cloud business—wasn't the product of brilliant strategic planning. It was born from something more urgent: financial survival.

When Your Vendors Become Your Biggest Threat

Speaking last week to nearly 1,000 attendees at The University of Hong Kong's Edward K Y Chen Distinguished Lecture, Tsai walked through a problem that sounds almost quaint now but was existential 16 years ago. Alibaba's e-commerce platform was exploding, handling massive transaction volumes, and the company was running all of it on technology from American vendors.

Here's the thing about vendor lock-in: it starts small and friendly, then gradually becomes a profit-eating monster. Tsai described the scenario during his conversation with HKU Associate Vice President Heiwai Tang, explaining that Alibaba was relying heavily on servers from Dell Technologies (DELL) and IBM (IBM), plus databases from Oracle (ORCL).

"We were handling massive amounts of transactions," Tsai said. The warning signs were clear: "If we continue to use that, we will later on hand over all of our profits to these technology vendors."

So they made a call that would reshape the company's future. "We developed cloud computing really out of necessity, out of the need to become self-reliant in technology," Tsai stated.

From Internal Tool to Business Powerhouse

The initial move was defensive—build your own infrastructure so you're not bleeding money to outside vendors. But Alibaba did what smart companies do: they ate their own dog food first. Tsai used exactly that phrase, explaining that the company deployed the technology internally before realizing they'd built something valuable.

"Later on, we decided, why don't we this technology is so good, why don't we open it up to third-party customers and that's how we went into the cloud business," he explained.

That pivot from internal necessity to external product turned out to be worth billions. What started as a defensive maneuver to protect margins became one of the largest cloud providers in Asia.

The Numbers Tell the Growth Story

Earlier this month, Alibaba reported quarterly revenue of $34.81 billion, beating analyst expectations of $34.43 billion with a 5% year-over-year increase. Strip out the divested Sun Art and Intime retail units, and that growth rate jumps to 15%.

But the real star was the Cloud Intelligence Group, which posted a 34% revenue surge to $5.59 billion. The drivers? Strong demand for public cloud services and rapidly growing adoption of Alibaba's AI products.

The AI angle is particularly notable. Alibaba Cloud has pushed hard into open-source AI, and the results show: as of October 31, 2025, there were over 180,000 Qwen model derivatives on Hugging Face—more than double the next-largest contributor.

According to Omdia's "AI Cloud Market: China – 1H25" report, Alibaba Cloud sits at the top of China's AI cloud market with a commanding 35.8% share.

How Alibaba Stacks Up Against the Giants

Of course, Alibaba Cloud isn't operating in a vacuum. The global cloud infrastructure market is dominated by American players who've also posted impressive numbers.

Amazon.com Inc. (AMZN) reported third-quarter net sales of $180.2 billion, up 13% from last year. AWS, its cloud division, generated $33.0 billion in revenue with 20% year-over-year growth.

Over at Alphabet Inc. (GOOG) (GOOGL), the Google parent company posted third-quarter revenue of $102.35 billion, exceeding analyst expectations of $99.64 billion. Google Cloud brought in $15.16 billion, compared to $11.35 billion a year earlier.

So while Alibaba Cloud dominates in China and across Asia, it's still playing a different game than AWS and Google Cloud on the global stage—at least in terms of absolute revenue scale.

What the Market Thinks Now

The irony of Tsai's story is hard to miss. Alibaba built its cloud business because it didn't want to hand all its profits to American technology vendors. Now it's competing directly against those same vendors' cloud divisions, which have become some of the most profitable businesses in tech.

According to MarketDash's Edge Stock Rankings, Alibaba's short-term price momentum has cooled off somewhat, though the company's medium and long-term growth prospects remain solid. That makes sense given the cloud division's strong performance and the company's dominant position in the Chinese AI cloud market.

What started as a defensive necessity—avoiding a future where Oracle, IBM, and Dell ate Alibaba's lunch—turned into an offensive weapon. Sometimes the best innovations come not from blue-sky thinking, but from staring at your P&L and realizing you need to solve a problem before it destroys your business.